Vasectomy: Risks and Complications

A vasectomy is an outpatient procedure. This means that you will likely go home the same day. It’s done in a healthcare provider’s office, clinic, or hospital. Before your procedure, you’ll be asked to read and sign a consent form. This form states you’re aware of the possible risks and complications. It also says that you understand that the procedure, though most often successful, can’t promise to make you sterile. Be sure you have all your questions answered before you sign this form. Below is a list of risks and possible complications of the procedure.

Risks and possible complications of vasectomy

Vasectomy is safe. But it does have risks. They include the following:

• Bleeding or infection. This may occur around the cut (incision).

• Sperm granuloma. This is a small, harmless lump. It may form where the vas deferens is sealed off.

• Sperm buildup (congestion). This may cause soreness in the testes. Anti-inflammatory medicine can provide relief.

• Epididymitis. This is inflammation that may cause scrotal aching. It often goes away without treatment. Anti-inflammatory medicine can provide relief.

• Reconnection of the vas deferens. This can occur in rare cases. It makes you fertile again. This may result in an unplanned pregnancy.

• Sperm antibodies. Developing antibodies is a common response of your body to the absorbed sperm. The antibodies can make you sterile. This is true even if you later try to reverse your vasectomy.

• Long-term testicle pain. This may occur after surgery. But it’s very rare.